Document Structure and Text Formatting tags

Some General Formatting Tags

Feature

Tags

Attributes

Attribute Values

Usual Effect

 

<html>, </html>

   

Enclose the whole document

 

<head>, </head>

   

Enclose the information area

 

<title>, </title>

   

Define the name to appear in the title bar, and in browsers' Bookmarks

 

<body>, </body>

background=

Image path and file name

Enclose the displayed page

   

bgcolor=

Colour value of background

Colour values expressed as a Hex number e.g.

   

text=

Colour value of text

"f3844c" or named if one of the sixteen predefined colours e.g. "white".

   

link=

Colour value of unvisited links

 
   

vlink=

Colour value of visited links

 
   

alink=

Colour value of active links

 

Rule

<hr>  (no end tag) so <hr /> now

width=

size=

Value in pixels or (preferably) as a percentage of the screen width

Number of pixels for height

 
   

size=

Value for height of rule in pixel

 
   

noshade

No value - switches shade off

 

Centre

<center></center>

  Tag no longer exists. Use <div align="center"></div>

Text or images between the tags will be centred unless it is modified by the Align attribute in its own specific tags.

Some Text Formatting Tags

Feature

Tags

Attributes

Attribute Values

Usual Effect

Emphasis

<em>, </em>

   

Italics

Strong

<strong>, </strong>

   

Bold

Heading

<hn>,</hn>,

align=

Left, Center, Right

Sets text size where n=1 (24 point) to 6 (7 point) - 4 is default.

Break

<br> no end tag   so <br />

 

.

Line Break. Clear stops text wrap on one or both sides of an image

Paragraph

<p>, </p>

align=

Left, Center, Right

Starts a new Paragraph complete with leading line break.

Bold

<b>, </b>

   

Bold

Italic

<i>, </i>

   

Italic The <cite> </cite> tags have the same effect.

Typewriter

<tt>, </tt>

   

Courier font

Pre-format

<pre>, </pre>

   

Renders text in its original form complete with spaces and breaks (useful where original format is required).

Block quote

<blockquote>

   

Indents the text from both margins. Will need <p> tags inside.

 

</blockquote>

     

Underscore

<u>, <u>

   

Underlines text- not often used as many browsers display links with an underline, further underlining would only confuse.

Strike through

<s>, </s>

   

As it says.

Sub and

<sub>, </sub>

     

Superscripts

<sup>, </sup>

     

Big

<big>, </big>

 

.

Increases the text size by one

Small

<small>, </small>

 

.

Decreases the text size by one

Unordered list

<ul></li></li></ul>

type=

Disc, Circle, Square.

Creates a list of items. By placing new lists after the list items but before the next <li> tags creates second level list which is automatically indented.

Ordered lists

<ol><li></li></ol>

type=

A, a, I, i

Creates a numbered list. By placing new lists after the list items but before the next <li> tags creates second level numbered list which is automatically indented.

Font

<font>, </font>

face=

size

color

"Font Name".

Font Size in numbers

Color" in Hex or by name

Sets a specific font, size and colour. Make sure to choose fonts which everyone has or they won't see the effect.  THIS TAG WILL SOON BE CONSIGNED TO THE DUSTBIN OF HISTORY AVOID IT.

N.B. All of a tag's attributes above may be combined in one tag provided they are not mutually exclusive and the order of attributes does not matter.  One space required between each attribute/value pair. Values should always be in double quotes. Much more on lists later.

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